Topic 1 – Fundamental Rights (General)
A. ‘State’ under Article 12
| 1 | Som Prakash v. Union of India | (1981) 1 SCC 449 | 2 |
| 2 | Pradeep Kumar Biswas v. Indian Institute of Chemical Biology | (2002) 5 SCC 111 | 17 |
| 3 | G. Basi Reddy v. International Crops Research Institute | (2003) 4 SCC225 | 32 |
| 4 | Zee Telefilms Ltd. v. Union of India | (2005) 4 SCC 649 | 35 |
| 5 | State of U.P. v. RadheyShyam Rai | (2009) 5 SCC577 | 46 |
| 6 | Jatya Pal Singh v.Union of India | (2013) 6SCC 452 |
| 7 | BCCI v. Cricket Association of Bihar | (2015)3 SCC 251 | |
| 8 | Dr. Janet Jeyapaul v. SRM University | (2015) 16 SCC530 |
B. ‘Law’underArticle13; Also Articles 31A, 31B, 31C, 368
(i) Doctrine of Eclipse
| 9. | Keshavan Madhava Menon v. State of Bombay | AIR 1951 SC 128 |
| 10. | Bhikaji Narain Dhakras v. State of M. P. | AIR 1955 SC 781 |
| 11. | State of Gujarat v. Sri Ambica Mills | (1974) 4 SCC656 |
(ii) Waiver of fundamental rights
| 12. | Bashesher Nath v. CIT | AIR 1959 SC 149 |
(iii) Severability
| 13. | State of Bombay v. F.N. Balsara | AIR 1951 SC 318 |
| 14. | RMDC v. Union of India | AIR 1957 SC 628 |
(iv) Personal laws
| 15. | Shayara Bano v. Union of India | (2017) 9 SCC 1 |
Topic 2 – Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)
A. Equality among Equals; Treating un-equals as equals violates equality clause
B. Classification as such not completely prohibited: Reasonable Classification Permissible
C. Single Person may be treated as a separate class
D. Establishment of Special Courts
E. Conferment and/or exercise of discretionary or arbitrary power is antithesis of right to equality
F. Distribution of state largesse
G. Special provisions for women and children; requirements relating to residence; requirement of a particular religion being professed by the incumbent of an office related to a religious or denominational institution
H. Protective Discrimination – Reservations in appointments and promotions; Special provisions for socially and educationally backward classes of citizens and for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
I. The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016
J. The Central Educational Institutions (Reservation in Admission) Act, 2006
K. Direct and Indirect Discrimination
| 16. | State of W. B. v. Anwar Ali Sarkar | AIR 1952 SC 75 |
| 17. | Kathi Raning Rawat v. State of Saurashtra | AIR 1952 SC 12 |
| 18. | Lt. Col Nitisha v. Union of India | 2021 SCC Online SC 261 |
| 19. | Indra Sawhney v. Union of India | AIR 1993 SC 477; 1992 Supp (3) SCC 217 |
| 20. | M. Nagaraj v. Union of India | (2006) 8 SCC 212 |
| 21. | Ashoka Kumar Thakur v. Union of India | (2008) 6 SCC 1 |
| 22. | Gulshan Prakash v. State of Haryana | (2010) 1 SCC477 |
| 23. | Rohtas Bhankar v. Union of India | (2014) 8 SCC 872 |
| 24. | Jarnail Singh v. Lachhmi Narain Gupta | (2018) 10 SCC 396 |
| 24A. | Jarnail Singh II v. Lachmi Narain Gupta | 2022 SCC Online SC 96 |
| 25. | BK Pavitra v. Union of India | (2017) 4 SCC 620 |
| 25A. | BK Pavitra II v. Union of India | (2019) 16 SCC 129 |
| 26. | Mukesh Kumar v. State of Uttarakhand | (2020) 3 SCC 1 |
| 27. | Dr. Jaishri Laxmanrao Patil v. The Chief Minister, Maharashtra | 2021 SCC ONLINE SC 362 |
| 28. | Pramati Educational & Cultural Trust v. Union of India | (2014) 8 SCC 1 |
| 29. | Modern Dental College & Research Centre v. State of Madhya Pradesh | (2016) 7 SC 353 |
| 30. | Joseph Shine v. Union of India | (2019) 3 SCC 39 |
L. Abolition of untouchability (Article 17,35)
- (i) The Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955
- (ii) Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Amendment Act, 2018
| 31 | State of Karnataka v. Appa Balu Ingale | AIR 1993 SCC1126; 1995 Supp (4) SCC 469 | |
| 32 | Safai Karmachari Andolan v. Union of India | (2014) 11 SCC 224 | |
| 33 | Prathvi Raj Chauhan v. Union of India | (2020) 4 SCC 727 |
M. Abolition of titles (Article 18)
| 34. | Balaji Raghavan v. Union of India | (1996) 1 SC 361 |
Topic 3 – Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)
A. Right to Freedoms available only to citizens of India; Foreign nationals and artificial persons like bodies corporate (companies) are not citizens either under Part III of the Constitution of India or under the Citizenship Act, 1955
- Freedom of speech and expression;
- Freedom to assemble peaceably and without arms;
- Freedom to form association or unions or cooperative societies;
- Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India;
- Freedom to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India;
- Freedom to practice any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade or business.
The freedoms are not absolute but subject to reasonable restrictions which can be imposed by law made by the state for the purposes mentioned in clauses (2) to (6) of Article 19. The term ‘reasonable restriction’ includes total prohibition.
(i) The Right to Information Act, 2005
(ii) The Sports Broadcasting Signals (Mandatory Sharing with Prasar Bharati) Act, 2007
| 35 | Bennett Coleman & Co. v. Union of India | (1972) 2 SCC788 | 234 |
| 36 | Secretary, Ministry of I & B, Govt. of India v. Cricket Association of Bengal | (1995) 2 SCC 161 | 249 |
| 37 | Shreya Singhal v. Union of India | (2015) 5 SCC 1 | |
| 38 | People’s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) v. Union of India | (1997) 1 SCC 301 | |
| 39 | Anuradha Bhasin v. Union of India | (2020) 3 SCC 637 | |
| 40 | Foundation for Media Professionals v. Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir & Another | (2020) 5 SCC 746 | |
| 41 | Communist Party of India (M) v. Bharat Kumar | (1998) 1 SCC201 | |
| 42 | AIADMK v. Chief Secretary, Government of Tamil Nadu | (2009) 5 SCC 452 | |
| 43 | Chintaman Rao v. State of M.P. | AIR 1951 SC 118 | |
| 44 | Narendra Kumar v. Union of India | AIR 1960 SC 430 | |
| 45 | State of Gujarat v. Mirzapur Moti Kureshi Kassab Jamat | (2005) 8 SCC 534 | |
| 46 | Tehseen S Poonawala v. Union of India | (2018) 9 SCC 501 |
B. Protectioninrespectofconvictionforoffences(Article20)
- (i) Ex post facto Law
- (ii) Doctrine of Double Jeopardy
(iii) Right against Self Incrimination
| 47. | Selvi v. State of Karnataka | (2010) 7 SCC 263 |
C. Protection in life and personal liberty, Doctrine of Proportionality (Article 21)
| 48 | Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India | (1978) 1 SCC 248 | 266 |
| 49 | AK Roy v.Union of India | (1982) 1 SCC 271 | |
| 50 | National Legal Services Authority v. Union of India | (2014) 5 SCC 438 | |
| 51 | Animal Welfare Board v. A. Nagaraja | (2014) 7 SCC 547 | |
| 52 | Justice KS Puttaswamy v. Union of India | (2017) 10 SCC 1 | 283 |
| 53 | Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India | (2018) 1 SCC 791 |
D. Right to education (Article 21 A)
| 54 | Pramati Educational and Cultural Trusts v. Union of India | (2014) 8 SCC 1 |
E. Protection against arrest and detention (Article 22)
| 55 | DK Basu v. State of West Bengal | (1997) 1 SCC 416 |
| 56 | People’s Union for Civil Rights v. Union of India | (2004) 9 SCC 580 |
Topic 4 – Right against Exploitation (Articles 23,24)
| 57 | People’s Union for Democratic Rights v. Union of India | (1982) 3 SCC 235 |
Topic 5– Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)
The Orissa Freedom of Religion Act, 1967; the T.N. Prohibition of Forcible Conversion Act, 2002; the Gujarat Freedom of Religion Act, 2003; the Uttarakhand Freedom of Religion Act, 2018; the Himachal Pradesh Freedom of Religion Act, 2019; the Madhya Pradesh Freedom of Religion Act, 2021
| 58 | Seshammal v. State of Tamil Nadu | (1972) 2 SCC 11 | 314 |
| 59 | N. Adithayan v. Travancore Devaswom Board | (2002) 8 SCC 106 | 328 |
| 60 | Commissioner of Police v. Acharya Jagadishwarananda Avadhuta | (2004) 12 SCC 770 | 339 |
| 61 | Adi Saiva Sivachariyargal Nala Sangam v. The Government of Tamil Nadu | (2016) 2 SCC 725 | |
| 62 | Rev. Stainislaus v. State of M.P. | (1977) 1 SCC 677 | |
| 63 | Bijoe Emmanuel v. State of Kerala | (1986) 3 SCC 615 | 349 |
| 64 | Indian Young Lawyers Association v. State of Kerala | (2019) 11 SCC 1 |
| 65 | Kantaru Rajeevaru v. Indian Young Lawyers Association | (2020) 9 SCC 121 | |
| 66 | Resham v. State of Karnataka | 2022 SCC Online Kar 315 |
Topic 6 – Educational and Cultural Rights (Articles 29, 30)
Right to establish and administer educational institutions – rights of minorities and non- minorities; Degree of State Control in aided and non-aided educational institutions
| 67 | Islamic Academy of Education v. State of Karnataka | 2003 (6)SCC 697 | 355 |
| 68 | T.M.A. Pai Foundation V. State of Karnataka | (2002) 8 SCC481 | |
| 69 | P.A. Inamdar v. State of Maharashtra | (2005) 6 SCC537 | |
| 70 | Sindhi Education Society v. Chief Secretary, Government of NCT of Delhi | (2010) 8 SCC 49 |
Topic 7– Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)
Power of Judicial Review under Article 32 is a basic feature of the Constitution; Concurrent jurisdiction of the High Courts under Article 226 – Res judicata; Laches, Rule of locus standi, Public Interest Litigation; Existence of alternative remedies; Nature and scope of relief
| 71 | State of Uttaranchal v. Balwant Singh Chaufal | (2010) 3 SCC 402 |
| 72 | Guidelines for Public Interest Litigation issued by the Supreme Court of India | https://main.sci.gov.in/pd f/chamberAllotement/pil guidelines.pdf |
Topic 8 – Fundamental Duties (Article 51 A)
| 73 | Hon’ble Shri Rangnath Mishra v. Union of India | 2003 (7) SCC 206 |
Topic 9 – Directive Principles of State Policy (Articles 36-51)
Relationship between the Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy.
Topic 10 – Civil Servants (Articles 308-323)
| 74 | Union of India v. Tulsiram Patel | (1985) 3 SCC 398 | 365 |
| 75 | J.P. Bansal v. State of Rajasthan | (2003) 5SCC 134 | |
| 76 | Managing Director, ECIL v. B. Karunakar | (1993) 4 SCC727 | |
| 77 | T.K. Rangarajan v. Govt. of Tamil Nadu | (2003) 6 SCC 581 |
Topic 11 – Amendment of the Constitution (Article 368)
| 78 | Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala | (1973) 4 SCC225 | |
| 79 | Kihoto Hollohon v.Zachillhu | 1992 Supp (2) SCC 651 | |
| 80 | I.R. Coelho v. State of Tamil Nadu, | (2007) 2 SCC 1 | 385 |
| 81 | L. Chandra Kumar v. Union of India | (1997) 3 SCC 261 | |
| 82 | Madras Bar Association v. Union of India | (2014) 10 SCC 1 |
